An autopsy is a detailed medical exam of a deceased person's body.

Your doctor will tell you who to contact if you want to donate your loved one's organs to science. They will also discuss with you the benefits and drawbacks of an autopsy and what the pathologist will be looking for. Ask about the cost of the autopsy. Some autopsies are done for free. But many hospitals charge for the procedure. If the law requires an autopsy, there is no charge.

Autopsies will not interfere with funeral arrangements. The procedure can take a few hours. Once it's done the hospital will tell the funeral home. The mortician then embalms the body and gets it ready. The autopsy cuts (incisions) won't be visible. Open-casket funerals can still be done.

Autopsies may be done for several reasons, including:

• When a suspicious or unexpected death occurs
• When there's a public health concern, such as an outbreak with an undetermined cause
• When no doctor knows the deceased person well enough to state a cause of death and to sign the death certificate
• When the doctor, the family, or the legally responsible designee of the deceased person asks for an autopsy
• A forensic autopsy done for medicolegal death investigation of sudden, unexpected, unnatural deaths (suicide, homicide, accidental).

Autopsies ordered by the state can be done by a county coroner, who is not always a doctor. A medical examiner who does an autopsy is a doctor, often a pathologist. Clinical autopsies are always done by a pathologist. An autopsy is performed with dignity and respect for the deceased person.

The autopsy procedure begins with the general and ends with the specific:

• First, a visual exam of the outside of the entire body is done before making any cuts.
• This is followed by making certain incisions to examine the organs and internal structures.
• Then microscopic, chemical, and microbiological exams may be made of the organs, fluids, and tissues.
• All organs removed for the exam are weighed. A part of each organ is preserved for processing into microscopic slides.
• A final report is made after all lab tests are done.
• Autopsies may last 2 to 4 hours. Early results may be ready in 2 to 3 days. Lab test results on samples of body fluids and tissues may take a few weeks.
• A final written autopsy report will be done. You can ask your doctor to review the report with you.